The Diary Of War, National Pride And The National...

Claire Anderson History 8 October, 2013 The Preface to War; National Pride in the Balkans Walter S. Zapotoczny, an author and historian, once said, â€Å"Each of the great powers believed they had something to gain from war, fostering the national pride and the national positioning that made World War I inevitable.† This is true, as imperialism and militarism were a large part of national pride. Austria-Hungary, for example, wanted Serbia. The German military was expanding rapidly. With each argument countries got into, hatred became stronger. Eventually, the European tensions snapped and everything toppled into terrible war. World War I was inevitable due to each of the great powers being imperialistic, militaristic, and prepared for war. During the early 1900’s, the European great powers believed they all had something to gain from expanding. Land in Africa was being claimed by countries such as France and Great Britain. A main goal for all the countries of Europe was growing. Austria and Hungary joined together into a dual monarchy in 1867. This country annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908. Germany was annoyed at not having as much space in Africa, which is imperialistic because it is territorial. Imperialism was popular during the time. The great powers believed they could become better through imperialism. In this case, imperialism is showing national pride because the expansion of a country makes it more powerful. Power is something citizens of a country can beShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesDBA 1652 Marketing Management UNIT -- I Unit No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling PublicRead MoreOverall Performance of the Kds Garments8187 Words   |  33 Pages ââ€" ¡ To gather information about their financial performance; ââ€" ¡ To measure their productivity; ââ€" ¡ To measure the impact of productivity on the performance measure through profitability; ââ€" ¡ To determine the contribution KDS to national exchequer for the period under study; ââ€" ¡ To evaluate the role of KDS in the creation of employment; ââ€" ¡ To examine the shortcomings and suggest possible guidelines necessary to overcome them. ââ€" ¡ To have at a glance of the activitiesRead MoreArticle: Performance Appraisal and Performance Management35812 Words   |  144 Pagesorganizational objectives and strategy. 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Phospholipases Free Essays

A) The hypothesis being tested here is the enhancement in the lipase activity of phospholipase C-?1 via phosphorylation of tyrosine 783.B) To perform the experiment equal concentrations of purified phospholipase-C-?1 were set on incubation with the active kinase domain of FGFR2 and ATP in bovine serum albumin containing buffer. The samples of this reactions were tested for two activities: 1) for lipase activity in the phospholipid vehicles indicated in the figure on left y axis. We will write a custom essay sample on Phospholipases or any similar topic only for you Order Now Secondly the phosphate incorporation in phospholipase-C-?1 was studied, illustrated at right y axis of figure.This was performed to check the phosphorylation of tyrosine and auto inhibition of PLC-? isozymes, 775/783 of PLC-?1 were substitutes at the place of phenylalanine, they could be used individually or together, but in the experiment tyr783 is used individually. Phospholipase activity of resulting mutant after purification was quantified with active domain of FGFR2K (helps in phosphorylation and activation of phospholipase). certain known moles of phosphates were added into purified PLC-?1 in wild type under above mentioned conditions and was observed that phospholipase activity was enhanced 10 times. The mutation of tyr783 completely nullified the kinase stimulated acceleration of phospholipase activity along with reduction in FGFR2K-promoted phosphorylation of PLC-?1. Therefore, phosphorylation of Tyr783 is vital forrelief of auto-inhibition. C) Studies reveal that Tyr-783 was essential for auto inhibition. As discussed above, permanent phosphorylation of tyr-783 will completely nullify the kinase stimulated and FGFR2K stimulated phosphorylation of PLC-?1. lipase activity of PLC-?1 will be enhanced across its limits and over-expression of PLC-?1 can induce malignant transformation. The results could be leading to production of carcinoma cells. It has been found in various studies that activity of PLC-?1 is more in cancerous cells as compared to normal cells. So, permanent phosphorylation tyr783 could be a way leading to malignant cancers. How to cite Phospholipases, Papers

Strategic Management Theory and Practice Model with Examples

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management Theory and Practice Model. Answer: Introduction: This essay provides the reader with the understanding of strategic management concepts and models. It encompasses the three theoretical modal of strategic management which are TOWS analysis, Ansoffs matrix, and Porters five forces model. Apart from this, the essay discusses these theoretical concepts in the context of Woolworths, which is one of the largest supermarket chains in Australia. Along with this, it shows the implications of these analytical concepts on the organizations strategies and operation. Introduction to Woolworths: Woolworths is one of the largest supermarket chains of Australia, which was established in year 1924. This deals in the field of retail, food and grocery. It is operating 961 stores across the Australia and it has the 111,000 in its stores across the country, support centers, and distribution centers. Woolworths is second largest company of Australia based on revenue (i.e. AU$ 61.1 billion). Strategic Management Concept The TOWS Analysis of Woolworths: The TOWS analysis is the analysis of the threats, opportunity, weakness, and strengths of the company, which are described below: Threats: The Woolworths faces the threat of external environments risks, which comes from the political factors, economic factors, and technological factors. The changes in the political environments such as changes in government policies, rules, and regulations produce the political risk for the company. Economic factors include the exchange rate, inflation, recession and economic growth. Technological factors arise from the changes in the technology that increase the productivity and decrease the cost of products. Apart from this, the cost of raw material is rising that affects the price of products and reduces the profit margin of the Woolworths. In the field of the retail market, the competition is increasing highly by the other competitors brands (Wilson, 2010). They provide goods and services at low prices with the discount, therefore, it can threat for the Woolworths. Moreover, the intervention of the government is also a major factor that affects the growth of Woolworths in the Australian market. The prices of the oil are increasing but at the same time, demand for oil is increasing that is difficult for Woolworths to maintain its prices at low in comparison of competitors brands. Opportunities: The main opportunity for Woolworths is company can expand its market in untapped countries that can increase the sales and profitability of the company. Along with this, the retail industries in the world are doing growth in the field of retail market by effective supply chain management and facility of computerization in business. It creates the opportunity for Woolworths that company can grow. Apart from this, the level of customer income is continuously increasing in Australia that provides an opportunity to Woolworths, which is the cause of better employment (Fernie et al, 2015). So, customers want to develop the standard of living that creates the demand of Woolworths products. The promotional strategy of the company has the potential to influences the customers to purchase the products and services. Therefore, Woolworths can tap new customers based on its effective promotional and marketing strategies. Weakness: The weakness of Woolworths is that it adopted the new technologies but the company is not able to handle and utilize it in proper manner. Apart from this, the decision-making of the Woolworths management is very slow, which is the critical issue for the company. The company faces price competition from its competitors because Woolworths entered late in the market of online, which affect the overall market experience of the company (Palekar et al, 2015). Furthermore, the external market environment factors have the great impact on the growth strategy of Woolworths that affect its ability of controlling over the retail market. Moreover, the policy of Australian government restricts the Woolworths that it cannot increase the prices of products, which creates a major weakness for the company. Strengths: The Woolworths is the market leader of the retail industry in Australia, which is the main strength of Woolworths. Apart from this, the strong leadership quality increases the ability of the company in the market expansion. Due to this, Woolworths has the good brand image in the market, and strong resources to compete. Furthermore, Woolworths provides good quality products at a low cost that influences the customers and it has the strong position in house ware, toys, and seasonal products (David, 2016). Moreover, the lady Bird and Chad alley are the famous brands of Woolworths stores, which affect the customers decision making. Ansoffs matrix concept of strategic management: Ansoff matrix is a model that describes the different business growth strategies. This model includes the four different types business strategies such as market penetration strategy, product development strategy, market development strategy, and diversification strategy. Market penetration strategy: This strategy focuses on the existing product in the existing market that increases the market share of the organization. Therefore, the company sells its products or services to existing or new customers in existing market. Along with this, the Woolworths also focus on the manufacturing costs, branding, and operating expenses. This strategy is suitable for potential growth of Woolworths in Australia and overseas market (Cheng et al, 2014). In Australia, Woolworths has the effective leadership position but the company needs to focus on its brand image and after sales services. Woolworths also try to reduce the cost of daily shopping goods such as food and laundries, which increases the sales and profit of the company. Therefore, Woolworth uses just in time inventory policy. This policy reduces the cost of storage but it has needs of effective supply chain systems support. Product development strategy: New product development strategy focuses on the developing new products for existing market. In this regard, this strategy has the needs to continuous focuses on the research and development for identifying the needs and wants of customers (Arli et al, 2013). This strategy is suitable for Woolworths when company provides the new products and services in existing market. Market development strategy: Market development strategy helps the company in identifying new market for the existing products. This strategy also has the needs of the research and development for identifying the new market and customers. Woolworths is planning about expanding its retail business in untapped market because company has the higher reputation. Therefore, company expands its business in china because the products and services of Woolworths attract the Chinese customers in comparison of Wal-Mart and Carrefour (Solomon et al, 2013). When Woolworths expands its business in the new market segment, this new market development strategy is more risky in comparison of market penetration strategy. Diversification strategy: This strategy involves the entry of new product into new market at the same time but this strategy is highly risky from new product development in new market. This strategy of business expansion has the needs of experience about new market and products. Along with this, Diversification strategy is more risky for Woolworths in comparison of product development because company has no experience of new market and products (Hubbard et al, 2014). Therefore, development of new strategy and experience is necessary for the Woolworths, which helps in marketing and operational activities. Porters five force model Porters five force model is a model which helps in analyzing competition level within industry and it also helps in strategy development of the business. The elements of the Porters five force model are: Threats of new entry: Threats of new entry to Woolworth is very low. There are many of the International players which are interested in investing Australian market but many of the large players made it difficult to the International players. Many of the international firms are interested in the grocery industry of Australia. But it is so difficult for them to entry because they have to face competition with Woolworth and Coles by landlords (Bohari et al, 2013). They are the big giants in grocery market in Australia. The new investors also keep a specialized person (expertise) to manage the things for them and this will cost them high. The infrastructure and Facilities also cost high to the new entry. Due to these aspects, new entrance is low to Woolworth. Bargaining power of supplier: Bargaining power of supplier is relatively low in Woolworth. The Australian manufacturers have very limited options available in the market premises because Woolworth and Coles captures the 85% of the market (Fung, 2013). So, these producers have to sell their products to these market giants. But after the entrance of Costco and the spread of Aldi, the powers of the supplier have increased. Along with this, the one of the reasons of increase in the power of supplier is because of implementation of new act to agriculture protection. Bargaining power of buyer: Bargaining power of buyer is relatively moderate to Woolworths. The purchase by the buyer impacts on the revenue of the seller. The consumer purchase depends upon the low rate of the products (Ortega et al, 2014). For this, consumers do the comparison between the different retailers in the market. Along with this, the bargaining power of the buyer in some conditions is high. This is due to the customers affordability of price of the product. The customers use its bargaining power and mold the pricing of product according to their affordability. If the seller provides loyalty cards to the customers, these cards will leads to decrease the bargaining power of the customers. Rivalry among Existing Firms: The threats of rivalry are high to Woolworths. In Australia, the Woolworth mostly competes with Coles, wesfarmers, and Aldi. They compete with each others for capturing the larger space in the market. In the grocery industry, price war is very common aspects which increase rivalry among the existing firms in the market (Eskandari et al, 2015). Range of the products and online services increase the rivalry among the competitors. Threats of substitutes: Threats of substitutes is comparatively low to Woolworths. The daily usage products are sold by Woolworth, which meet the basic needs of individuals. Customers do not have choice to purchase for meeting their needs at low rate (Safari et al, 2016). This will decrease the threats of substitute for the company. Decreased threats of substitute provide the company to grab the market opportunity. Woolworth keeps prices of its products high due to lack of competition in the market and at the stores of Woolworth there are wide range of products are available. These two factors attract more and more customers to the Woolworth store. Implication of Strategic Concepts in Managerial Practices of the Woolworths: Implication of TOWS model in managerial practices of Woolworths: TOWS model helps the Woolworths in identifying the internal strengths and weakness. The level of competition is going high. This helps the company in determining the strategies and tactics to use the strengths in proper and effective way as well as reduce the weaknesses. Through this, company can increase its competitiveness in the market, which in turn imparts a strong image to company in the market. Along with this, the next strategic implication of TOWS model is opportunity through the uses of this strategic implication Woolworths can focuses on the identified opportunities (Kizil et al, 2013). Therefore, it helps the company in designing its strategies based on identified opportunities that are available in the market and compatible with its resources and strengths. Along with this, the model increase the effectiveness of decision making of the management as it provide the required and quality information in decision making. Besides this, this model provide the information about the possible threat for the company in future which can help the company to be proactive to risks to be occur in the future. This information can be used in developing the strategies and actions to preclude these threats (Shaemi et al, 2014). Therefore, it can be said that this model provide the information of internal as well external environment of the company which helps the company in developing its competitive skills and effectiveness. Implication of Ansoffs matrix on managerial practices of Woolworths: Ansoffs matrix has the greater impact on the managerial practices of Woolworths. In this regard, if Woolworths adopt the market penetration strategy then company should increase the market share for the current products. Market penetration strategy influences the market growth and overall performance of company. Along with this, Woolworths focuses on reducing the cost of daily shopping goods such as food and laundries (Beech and MacIntosh, 2012). On the other hand, if Woolworths selects the market development strategy then company should focus on the new distribution channels and implementing new strategies that helps company in attracting new customers at new market place. Product development strategy has the greater impact on the managerial practices of Woolworths. This strategy has the needs of new product development and modification in the products for existing market. On the other hand, if Woolworths adopts the market development strategy then company can face high risk because company is entering into new market (Fernie et al, 2015). Therefore, company has the requirement of experience about the new market and customers needs and wants. Implication of Porters five forces analysis on managerial practices of Woolworths: Porters five forces model shows the effects of rivalries, customers, suppliers, substitutes, and new entrants on the strategies and actions of Woolworth. Porters five force models evaluate the whole structure of the industry. Porters five force model helps in developing and management of the strategy of the company as this model states the strengths and weakness of the organization. This model also helps in developing best strategies systematically for the organization. These strategies are very important in achieving organizational goals effectively. Organization focuses on maintaining strong relationship with its buyers and suppliers. This is done to maintain the power of buyers and suppliers at a moderate rate. Threats of substitute in Woolworth is diminishing, this is due to the less availability of alternative sellers to the customers. To compete with the competitors Woolworth needs to be innovative enough to compete efficiently. Recommendations: The Woolworths should expand its business outside from the Australia, which can maximize the profit, market share, and brand image of company. In this essay, three strategic management models is used, which is TOWS model, Ansoffs model, and porters five forces model that helps in managing the managerial practices of Woolworths. The TWOS model describes the weakness, opportunity, threats and strengths of Woolworths. So, company should focus on use of new technologies, decision making, strategies and actions to remove its weaknesses. This types of weaknesses can be reduced by the company through proper use of technology and by improving the decision making power of management. Woolworths can expand its business from the outside of Australia, through this company can increases its market share, profitability and brand image in the mind of customers. This can be done by the use of effective marketing tools and sales promotions. Apart from this, to overcome the threats of Woolworths such as external business risk and cost of Raw Material, Company should focus on the innovation and cost reduction. Along with this, company can grab the opportunities through the product development and innovations. Company should use low cost pricing but competitive and product will be designed according to customers needs and wants. The Ansoffs model discusses about the companys product development, market development, market penetration, and diversification strategy. In this regard, for the increasing the market share and customer satisfaction, they should focus on the reducing the cost of products manufacturing, operating expenses and advertising of company. The company can use market development strategy to achieve its goals and to reach at the every corner of the world. It has the potential, as it is capable to deliver the products to customer at low cost. In Porters five force model; it is discussed that the threat of new entry to Woolworth is relatively very low. But to maintain this at a moderate rate Woolworth needs to be innovative enough to compete effectively with its competitors. In this aspect Woolworth needs to use out of the box thinking to improve its existing products features and it also needs to use innovative techniques in the production of new products. Along with this, to lower the bargaining power of buyer Woolworth needs to use different pricing strategies, attractive plans on loyalty cards, and special discount coupons to the customers. These techniques will attract more customers towards Woolworth and it leads to increase in the sales of the company. To reduce the threats of the substitutes, company should use quality ingredients and low cost pricing strategy. There are some of the massive firms which can give tight competition to Woolworth in the future. To safeguard themselves from these competitors company should use different marketing strategies such as: provide product at less price, quality product, and focus on customer satisfaction. Along with this, Woolworth needs to decrease the intensity of rivalry among its competitors. The competitors of Woolworth are Coles, wesfarmers, and Aldi and to decrease this rivalry company needs to use different marketing techniques. Conclusion From the above essay, it can be summarized that the three models used above helps the company in analyzing its actual position and developing the effective strategies. TOWS model shows the threats, opportunities, weakness, and strengths of Woolworth. Five-force model states the competitive position of the Woolworths in the Australia. At the same time, the Ansoffs matrix represents the four-expansion strategy such as market development, market penetration, product development, and diversification. This model helps in selecting the best expansion strategy for the company. References: Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R., and Soldo, E. (2013). Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration. Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy| Ventura,16(1), 27-46. Beech, N. and MacIntosh, R. (2012). Managing Change: Enquiry and Action. US: Cambridge University Press. Bohari, A. M., Cheng, W. H., and Fuad, N. (2013). An analysis on the competitiveness of halal food industry in Malaysia: an approach of SWOT and ICT strategy. Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 9(1), 1-11. Cheng, M., Green, W. and Ko, J. (2014). The impact of strategic relevance and assurance of sustainability indicators on investors' decisions.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(1), 131-162. David, F. (2016). Strategic Management: A Competitive Advantage Approach, Concepts. US: Pearson Education. Eskandari, M. J., Miri, M., Gholami, S., and Nia, H. R. S. (2015). Factors Affecting the Competitiveness of the Food Industry By Using Porters Five Forces Model Case Study in Hamadan Province, Iran. Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 5(4), 185-197. Fernie, J., Fernie, S. and Moore, C. (2015).Principles of retailing. UK: Routledge. Fung, H. P. (2013). Using Porter Five Forces and Technology Acceptance Model to Predict Cloud Computing Adoption among IT Outsourcing Service Providers. Internet Technologies and Applications Research ITAR, 1(2), 18-24. Hubbard, G., Rice, J. and Galvin, P. (2014). Strategic Management. AU: Pearson. Kizil, C., Eddy, V., Clary, L. and Crowell, K. (2013). Hershey's Entry to the Australian Market with a New Brand: An Accounting and Marketing Perspective.Emerging Markets Journal,3(2), 97. Ortega, A. G., Jaln, M. L. D., and Menndez, J. . R. (2014). A strategic analysis of collective urban transport in Spain using the Five Forces Model. Investigaciones Europeas de Direccin y Economa de la Empresa, 20(1), 5-15. Palekar, S., Atapattu, M. and Sedera, D. (2015). Unveiling the Black Markets of Pooled Assets.Australasian Journal of Information Systems,19. Safari, N., Farhang, M., and Rajabzadehyazdi, E. (2016). The study on the competitive status of construction companies based on Michael Porter's five competitive forces (Case study: Armeno Project Development and Management Company). European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences: Proceedings, 5(3 (s)), pp-72. Shaemi, A., Allameh, S. and Hoveyda, H. (2014). Analyze the Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management Functions on Productivity of Human Resources.Journal of Economics and Management,3(8), 80-96. Solomon, M., Hughes, A., Chitty, B., Marshall, G. and Stuart, E. (2013). Marketing: Real People, Real Choices. USA: Pearson Higher Education. Wilson, R. (2010). Strategic Marketing Planning. UK: Routledge.

Insufficient information in research topic Essay Example

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Free Essays on Social Classes

Social Classes have always been a part of society. Whether or not we choose to admit it, every one of us is a prejudiced against other classes. Many years ago, African-American people were used as slaves because it was assumed that were lower class just because they were different in color. Today, I see a black man who looks like is from a â€Å"ghetto† and I am a little scared. Scared not because he is black but because most Caucasian people were raised to fear what society decided is the lower class. Class and racism are two closely related social issues. In â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† by Richard Connell, General Zaroff kills â€Å"lascars, blacks, Chinese, whites, mongrels† he says, â€Å"a thoroughbred horse is worth more than the score of them† (67). He killed them because he thought they so much lower class the he that they deserved to be hunted. They were thrown to the dogs for his entertainment. Not everyone is out to kill other social classes, however, most of us do not want to mingle with the other social classes either. It is not just the upper class that keeps the lower classes in their â€Å"place.† Many people choose to accept being thought of as lower class because it is easier to adopt what they already know, rather than working to hard to reach the upper class. In â€Å"The Lesson† by Cade Bambarn (210), the children are born into poor, lower class families. Throughout the story Miss Moore tries to show them a glimpse of the upper class life, hoping to inspire the children to strive to one day be upper class citizens. She offers these glimpses by taking the children to a fancy toy store. These days this role is filled by school field trips, sports, and after school programs. But is it enough? Many children are not being taught the â€Å"lesson.† Many people believe that class is a relative issue; you are whatever class you think you are. That does not appear to be the case. One cannot simply think... Free Essays on Social Classes Free Essays on Social Classes Social Classes have always been a part of society. Whether or not we choose to admit it, every one of us is a prejudiced against other classes. Many years ago, African-American people were used as slaves because it was assumed that were lower class just because they were different in color. Today, I see a black man who looks like is from a â€Å"ghetto† and I am a little scared. Scared not because he is black but because most Caucasian people were raised to fear what society decided is the lower class. Class and racism are two closely related social issues. In â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† by Richard Connell, General Zaroff kills â€Å"lascars, blacks, Chinese, whites, mongrels† he says, â€Å"a thoroughbred horse is worth more than the score of them† (67). He killed them because he thought they so much lower class the he that they deserved to be hunted. They were thrown to the dogs for his entertainment. Not everyone is out to kill other social classes, however, most of us do not want to mingle with the other social classes either. It is not just the upper class that keeps the lower classes in their â€Å"place.† Many people choose to accept being thought of as lower class because it is easier to adopt what they already know, rather than working to hard to reach the upper class. In â€Å"The Lesson† by Cade Bambarn (210), the children are born into poor, lower class families. Throughout the story Miss Moore tries to show them a glimpse of the upper class life, hoping to inspire the children to strive to one day be upper class citizens. She offers these glimpses by taking the children to a fancy toy store. These days this role is filled by school field trips, sports, and after school programs. But is it enough? Many children are not being taught the â€Å"lesson.† Many people believe that class is a relative issue; you are whatever class you think you are. That does not appear to be the case. One cannot simply think...

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Essay

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry The paper "Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry" is a worthy example of an essay on health studiesmedicine.ATDSR is a federal health agency within the United States Department of Health and Human Services. It mainly focuses on reducing public health risks related to exposure to hazardous substances. Its other main objective is to oblige to the public through receptive health actions to enhance safe and healthy environments and thwart unsafe exposures. ATSDR was conceived as a consultative, non-governing agency through the Superfund legislation and began operations in 1985. (American, p.2-34) I would place this agency in the Health and Human Department as it still is because its objectives related to those of the department as a whole. The ATSDR is currently being headed by director Dr. Christopher J. Portier. The director is normally appointed by the president and does not require approval from the Senate. Despite the fact that the agency is an independent functioning bra nch within the Health and Human Services Department, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) carries out most of its administrative duties. The headquarters for the agency is located at Atlanta, Georgia. (American, p.2-34) The roles the agency plays are more than many people think. It advises the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and community. It educates doctors and other healthcare professionals concerning the health effects of harmful substances and how to deal with their exposure. It also finances studies on harmful substances. The main problem facing the agency is the lack of knowledge about the hazardous substances among the public. This requires the agency to always endeavor passing or to receive information. The legislature has limited jurisdiction in the operation of the agency. (American, p.2-34) The legislature and the Governor have no direct authority over ATSDR. The activities of the agency will definitely raise interest from different parties. Institu tions that make food for the country must keep up with the developments in the agency. Hospitals and health professionals must also obtain the latest information and training from the agency. The operations of the agency have very important positive effects on the public. They greatly prevent the harm of the public caused by these substances and also offer solutions in the occurrence of these problems. The agency has generally played a vital role in improving the health in the country. (lollar, p.248-250)

Strategic Plan for Real Chocolate Industries Essay

Strategic Plan for Real Chocolate Industries - Essay Example At the moment the company is comfortably placed in terms of overall performance. However, the company has to ensure maintaining levels of profits and growth in the long term, through a strategy that will give it a sustainable competitive advantage. The chocolate industry is highly fragmented industry with about four hundred companies accounting for 90% sales. Retail chocolate sales reached $16.3 billion for the year ended December 2006, out of which the Gourmet segment is about $ 1 billion. Real chocolate has about 10% of the market share in this segment. 1) From Porters five force analyses it emerges that Rivalry among existing players will be the chief competitive force in the industry. The decline in profitability which often is the result of this will come from an increase in promotion and branding cost. 2) Even though the analysis reveals that entry barriers for new players to enter are not very high, new entrants may not find it attractive to enter. Entry may occur by players creating a separate niche which may affect demand for the product in which Real chocolate operates. (e.g. of artisan chocolate entry which has already happened) 4) Sellers bargaining power is not a significant factor in the industry, as there are many producers and raw material is a commodity item. Industry incumbents do not have much threat from suppliers, buyers or new substitutes. Similarly, there are no barriers to entry for new players because of suppliers.5) Five forces analysis also reveals that buyers bargaining power is a significant factor. Buyer's loyalty has to be constantly maintained through branding, promotion and maintaining quality. Price is not a significant factor in which buyer will switch to other products. On this account, this will be a significant barrier to entry for new entrants, which reiterates point no. 1, that rivalry is the chief force in the industry.

Nationwide retail theft, deterrents and the determination of risk Essay

Nationwide retail theft, deterrents and the determination of risk - Essay Example The paper tells that the current economic environment makes effective loss prevention more important than ever. The worldwide economic environment has been struggling in recent years as a consequence of a global economic crisis. This has resulted in the decrease in available finances for many people and markets. The financial crisis has had widespread effects across all sectors of the economy. For example, consumers have been faced with a lower amount of income, decreased job availability and an increased cost of living, while employers have found it necessary to lay off staff and tighten their margins to ensure that they remain profitable. Throughout the time the United States economy has suffered significantly, with the situation for many people across the country becoming desperate. Although the economy is slowly recovering, many people still struggle in obtaining the necessities required to survive. One consequence of this is that rates of theft have significantly increased and m any stores have less available staff to monitor security. A second effect of this is that it is becoming increasingly important for companies to limit their spending and increase revenue. Loss prevention significantly increases the company income, as the amount of money that is lost through theft can be high. The use of security systems is especially useful in this area as they are able to significantly reduce the number of staff that are required for security, and often increase effectiveness also. Making these changes now is important, as there are concerns that the country will continue to struggle economically. There is little change in the job market, and many people continue to struggle financially. Regardless of whether the economic climate improves in the near future or remains difficult the need for loss prevention remains a priority for any retail business. Managing Theft There are two general approaches to managing theft within a store. They are not necessarily mutually e xclusive, but generally a store will focus on one of these while putting only a small amount of effort on the second. The first approach is the use of plans, procedures and philosophies in place which focus on apprehending thieves and prosecuting them. The second approach is to focus on preventing theft from occurring in the first place. Both aspects are important to the management of loss within a business, and they can co-occur within an organization. Businesses generally focus on one of these two approaches as they require substantially different methods and training. In addition, both approaches have significant financial cost. . Each approach has its benefits, and which is most efficient depends on the type of organization in which it is being applied and the socioeconomic environment in which the particular store is centered. The concept of a brand is important for organizations. Many

Stress and Burnout Essay Example for Free

Stress and Burnout Essay Companies and organizations deal with issues in their business life cycle. All companies share the same issues, successes, and dilemmas, but one of the issues that seem to be more prevalent in high-stress jobs, such as sales or other fast-paced jobs, is that of stress and the burnout associated with it. Stress is something that affects different employees in different ways, from getting depressed to not eating and can be detrimental to their well-being and to the company also. Companies are also affected negatively with how employees perform, the rise of absenteeism is higher and the work performance takes a huge dip financially and with negative outcomes. There are many things that can be done to try and assist with this issue and try and help employees. How does stress and burnout come to happen? Many times individuals are placed into different types of roles in their company or organization that they work at and that sometimes comes with different jobs that need to be completed by a certain date or they are placed in an environment that is just stressful for them. Individuals can find stress in many things in their daily lives. It can be the individuals you work with, the daily traffic in the morning or after work, the manager or director that heads your department, and also the relationships you have with co-workers, to name a few. The unfortunate result from dealing with these stressors is how it affects the individual and those around him or her. They can be depressed, angry all the time, full of anxiety and those sometimes translate to physical changes also, like weight gain or loss and other issues that may arise from this. Companies eventually are greatly affected by this also because they deal with these employees and their work on a daily basis. Healthcare for those employees also goes up, which means that the companies will tend to spend more on individuals which are not healthy as supposed to those that feel better and are well-off. â€Å"A study of 46,000 employees concluded that health-care costs of high-stress workers were 46% higher than were those of their less-stressed coworkers†(Dessler, p. 309, 2011). As previously stated, many type of jobs or careers are more prone to stress and burnout. Everyone usually tries and associate successful, high paying jobs with stress, like someone working in a high-paced market like the stock market or sales. Although any type of job can be stressful, from being a teacher to working in healthcare, there have been studies of how some healthcare fields are more stressful than other, such as working a social work environment as supposed to a pediatrician. Social work tends to involve those works in certain situations that can weight a lot on individuals. â€Å"Such empirical research as is available suggests that social workers may experience higher levels of stress and resulting burnout than comparable occupational groups. † (Lloyd, King, and Chenowth, p. 1, 2002) One of the trickiest issues with identifying stressors is to actually see what it is that if affecting certain individuals, it can be tough to pinpoint an exact issue and try to fix it as soon as possible. Burnout stems from being stressed out to the point where the individual feels like he has no strength anymore, both physical and emotional from always working too hard and striving to do the best and it eventually catching up to those individuals and they shutting down. Unlike stress, where it can affect someone immediately, when someone burns out, it happens gradually over time, things building up and stacking more and more upon the last thing. It eventually will hit the individuals, even though to get to that point is gradual, people shut down suddenly. It is most seen in high-stress jobs and companies involved in such industries will look out for signs to not let individuals fall through that issue. Companies and organizations are trying to find ways in order to deal with these issues because it helps the employees feel better, it provides a more positive outcome for the company and the employees, and healthcare cost can go down because of this. Companies have started implementing different things for employees to help assist with stress and burnout prevention. There are many things companies can do to assist, from providing on-site gyms to help relieve some stress to providing workshops on teaching individuals how to work around stress and burn out and make sure that they are taking care of themselves. Specialist and other say that it is easier to prevent burnout and stress than to come back from it cleanly. Stress-related work leaves comprised 49% of all disability claims in 1999, twice the number recorded a decade earlier† (Elizabeth, p. 2, 2002). There are many ways to be able to assist in preventing burnout and stress. Like previously stated, companies provide many things to be able to make sure that the employees are the main priority in making sure that they are healthy, physically and emotionally, because this eventually translates into good performance in the work environment. Workshops are also held to be able to assist individuals on helping them organize their lives better and implementing things like exercise, building better relationships at work, and other things to help alleviate the stress of the daily life and prevent burnout from happening. Companies have to deal with their employees to make sure that they do not go through any issues, because they are identifying those issues that affect them and understand that the employee is the main component of any company. It saves money, helps with employees feeling better about themselves and ultimately it produces good things for the company as a whole.

Networking :: essays research papers

1. Which versions of NetWare support TCP/IP services such as Web site hosting? c. 4.x and 5.0 2. Which version of NetWare contains many services coded in the Java programming language? d. 5.0 3. How many processors can a NetWare 5.0 server support? c. 32 4. What is the minimum amount of RAM required for a NetWare 5.0 server? d. 64 MB 5. Why might you want to install more than the minimum RAM required by NetWare 5.x? The more RAM, the better the performance of the server. 6. Where can you go to find out about known bugs in NetWare? b. www.support.novell.com 7. How might NLMs provide better stability on your NetWare server? a. They can be loaded and unloaded without taking down the server. 8. Which version of NetWare supports the use of virtual memory? d. 5.x 9. What stands at the very top of the NDS tree? a.root a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   10. If you decide to change the name of your NDS tree after you’ve installed NetWare, you can rename it through a server console command. True or False? 11. What is the name of the graphical server manager utility in NetWare 5.x? d. NetMon 12. Which DOS command loads the NetWare operating system kernel? d. SERVER.EXE 13. Which of the following file systems does NetWare not support? b. NTFS 14. What is the name of the volume created automatically when you install NetWare 5.x? d. SYS 15. File compression is enabled by default during a NetWare 5.x installation.True or False? 16. Which server resource does block suballocation conserve? c. hard disk space 17. What is the purpose of a container object in an NDS tree? a. to logically subdivide objects in the tree 18. A user is an example of what kind of NDS object? c. leaf 19. If a user’s login ID is â€Å"james† and the user belongs to the â€Å"marketing† organizational unit, which is in turn part of the â€Å"Corporate† organizational unit within the â€Å"ABC† Organization, what is this user’s context? c. O_ABC_OU_marketing_OU_corporate_U_james 20. Which utility allows you to manage NDS objects? c. NWAdmin 22. After right-clicking an object within NWAdmin, which option should you choose to modify that object’s properties? a. Details 23. In a typeful context notation, how is a user object’s container designated? d. O 24. Why might you want to create an administrator-equivalent ID that isn’t called â€Å"Admin†? b. for security purposes 25. After a simple NetWare 5.x installation, what rights does the default group called PUBLIC have to the NDS tree? b. Browse, Modify, Erase 26. In NWAdmin, you can grant users rights to save files in a directory.

Book Review: The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Essay

Just imagine part of your body being taken away from you†¦scary right? That is exactly what happened to Henrietta Lacks. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot explains who Henrietta was, where she came from, the events that put her in the hospital and eventually killed her, and the legacy she has left in the world of science. Henrietta Lacks was born Loretta Pleasant in Roanoke, Virginia on August 1, 1920. No one knows how she became Henrietta. Her mother, Eliza Lacks Pleasant, died while giving birth. Henrietta’s father, Johnny Pleasant, did not have the patience to raise ten children, so he took them all to live in Clover, Virginia. Henrietta lived with her grandfather and her cousin, David Lacks. Henrietta and David had shared a bedroom since she was four, so it was not a surprise when they started having children together. Henrietta had five children in all: Lawrence, Elsie, Sonny, Deborah, Joe (who later changed his name to Zakariyya). A week before learning she was pregnant with Joe, Henrietta had told some of her cousins that she had a knot inside her. About five months after giving birth she finally went to her doctor. The doctor told her she had better go to the John Hopkins gynecology clinic. Howard Jones said he had seen easily a thousand cervical cancer lesions, but he had never seen anything like what was inside Henrietta. Dr. Jones cut a small sample and sent it to the pathology lab where Mary Kubicek handled the now famous cells. She labeled the culture â€Å"HeLa† for Henrietta and Lacks and then carried them to an incubator room. Four days later, George Gey, the leader of the lab, noticed the cells were growing with mythological intensity and doubled their numbers every twenty-four hours. George Gey told a few of his closest colleges about the magnificent find and gave them some cultures of the â€Å"immortal cells.† Henrietta never knew that her cells had been extracted and placed in labs. She just went on living her life. By September 1951, Henrietta’s body was overtaken with tumors. They had grown on her diaphragm, bladder, and liver. They had blocked her intestines and made her stomach swell. Henrietta knew she would die soon, and she did on October 4, 1951. Henrietta’s family did not find out about her cells being in almost every lab until 1973. Lawrence’s wife, Bobbette, found that her mother-in-law’s cells were taken from a friend’s brother who had recently conducted an experiment with them. Lawrence called Hopkins, but they said that there was no record of patient by the name of Henrietta Lacks. Lawrence, Sonny, Deborah, and Zakariyya tried to avoid all reporters after that. Deborah especially had trouble with what little knowledge she had about her mother’s cells. She constantly had panic attacks and got hives when talking about her mother. One reporter, Rebecca Skloot, continuously asked Deborah to talk, and eventually she gave in. Deborah and Skloot spent a lot of time together after that. They went to the â€Å"home-house† where Henrietta grew up. Rebecca took Deborah and Zakariyya to meet with a lab technician to learn more about their mother’s cells. That was the first time Zakariyya talked openly about his mother and did not get enraged. Rebecca Skloot had promised Deborah two things: to see her mother’s cells and figure out what happened to Henrietta’s sister, Elsie. Rebecca and Deborah went on a road trip to find out any information they could about Elsie. Elsie had been admitted to the Hospital for the Negro Insane because she had epilepsy and was classified as mentally retarded. Rebecca and Deborah had become good friends while they were investigating for information about Henrietta. Rebecca was devastated when she learned Deborah passed away. The author’s purpose in writing this book was to in inform and explain from whom the world famous HeLa cells originated from. Rebecca Skloot stated in the book that when she first heard of the HeLa cells, she was obsessed with them. She intended the book to be seen and read by everyone interested in science. Skloot wrote at times very formally and sometimes very informally. She wanted to capture how Henrietta and her family really communicated. This book really made me start to think. In the wonderful world of science, not always do people actually look behind the blinding facts to see where (or who) the information came from and what lengths it took to gain it. After reading The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks I will now think what people had to do to gain the information I’m learning about. I would definitely recommend this book to everyone. I found it very intriguing and it kept my attention. There were a total of twenty seven photographs in The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. Every single photo told a story and helped to explain the written words even more vibrantly. Rebecca Skloot also told stories within the big one. She told about Henrietta’s hard life before she passed away. Skloot explained the facts behind why and how she died. The afterword of the book was very factual and had little to do with Henrietta Lacks. It answers the questions â€Å"Wasn’t it illegal for doctors to take Henrietta’s cells without her knowledge?†and â€Å"Don’t doctors have to tell you when they use your cells in research?†. The answer to both questions is no, and the afterword goes into detail about the medical related laws that have been passed for patient privacy and such. Rebecca Skloot’s final purpose to write The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks was, I believe, to tell a story of a woman’s incredible part in science and history, which wasn’t even her choice. Henrietta’s story deserved to be told, and Rebecca Skloot did an amazing job telling us about the incredibly brave and immortal Henrietta Lacks.

Digital Marketing

The world as we see it today is an evolving and rapidly changing place. What was news yesterday is history today. In such a dynamic environment, change is the only thing constant. And this change is across all spheres of our lives, touching us at various touch points around us. It will reflect in our habits and the lifestyles we maintain. So it is only natural that it will also have an effect on our media consumption and interaction. As we discuss this, traditional media still continues to remain the mainstay of a large number of brands, and the basis for trying to reach a large mass of people.But consumers today are a discerning lot, and more and more brands are seeing merit in having niche audiences. This is where the internet comes in and weaves it magic. It enables marketing to the relevant person, at the right time and at the right occasion. This is where the future lies. Online marketing is not about a one size fits all approach. It is about exclusivity, and the recognition tha t people are unique. This is exactly what social marketing and mobile marketing believe in endorsing. The beauty of social marketing is that it is non-intrusive and at the same time can touch your consumer at a very vital touch point.Also, with the growth in social networks and the need for the world to maintain elaborate virtual lives; this is one space that will only grow. In 3-5 years I can imagine many more social networking sites springing up, and some catering to extremely niche audiences. This will spell a boon for marketing people, since they will be able to talk to whom they want, and cut away the clutter. Also, the kind of communication will be very experiential and feedback oriented. Brands will be able to interact with their consumers and take them into their world.Shopping today is all about the experience, and what you are going through while you go through the motions of a seemingly mundane activity. It is about being surrounded by a plethora of choices and having fun while deciding which one to pick up. The consumer today sees new sights and sounds around him, and brands and products are trying to talk to him through every possible touch point . This makes for a very experiential form of marketing, which the internet will pioneer. The mobile is another tool that will be a great media form in the coming years. This is a nascent space just waiting to boom.The best part is that there is a high degree of measurability attached to this medium, and it will be possible to measure the exact responses to communication, and then the desired response to this. What will also drive this is the need for ease and convenience that will continue to grow. So having your world on your fingertips will be even more critical, and what better than your mobile phone for that! So brands that talk to you through your mobile will automatically occupy critical places in your life. Finally, word of mouth is a potent tool that I strongly believe will become bigger and stron ger in the coming years.It is here that social marketing and other online activities will be able to make a critical difference. Online public relations will enable brands to increase their positive coverage and thus ensure that their consumers read the right things at the right place. Ultimately, brands those are able to break the shackles of their conventional media forms and ride this wave of progress will stand out and truly be able to find newer and better way to communicate their stories. This is what will differentiate the winners from the rest.

Free Essays on White Supremacy

Hooks justifies her use of the term ‘white supremacy’ as opposed to ‘racist’ when describing the institutionalized oppression based on ‘race,’ stating, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬Ëœwhite supremacy’ is a much more useful term for understanding the complicity of people of color in upholding and maintaining racial hierarchies that do not involve force†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Hooks , 1995). She claims that ‘white supremacy’ is a better phrase than ‘internalized racism’ in describing the absorption by black people of negative attitudes typically held by white people about blackness. ‘White supremacy’ is also useful when referring to how black people are able to exercise ‘white supremacist control’ over one another. Hooks views the emphasis of the struggle against ‘white supremacy’ as helping to form coalitions among peoples of color as a catalyst of dismantling white supremacy, where peoples of color join together in support of that common cause. Early coalitions, generally disregarded in the broad view of history, established by enslaved Africans, free Africans, and Native Americans, helped to combat the Eurocentric stereotypes internalized by Native and African Americans. In attempting to include whites in such a coalition, it would be necessary for whites to give up any privileges granted them by the exercising of white supremacy, as well as necessary for the racially oppressed to â€Å"show the way† and â€Å"affirm or help in that endeavor† (Hooks, 1995). Hooks states: There must exist a paradigm, a practical model for social change that includes an understanding of ways to transform consciousness that are linked to efforts to transform structures†¦While it is important that individuals work to transform their consciousness, striving to be antiracist, it is important for us to remember that the struggle to end white supremacy is a struggle to change a system, a structure†¦For our efforts to†¦be truly effective, individual struggl... Free Essays on White Supremacy Free Essays on White Supremacy Hooks justifies her use of the term ‘white supremacy’ as opposed to ‘racist’ when describing the institutionalized oppression based on ‘race,’ stating, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬Ëœwhite supremacy’ is a much more useful term for understanding the complicity of people of color in upholding and maintaining racial hierarchies that do not involve force†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Hooks , 1995). She claims that ‘white supremacy’ is a better phrase than ‘internalized racism’ in describing the absorption by black people of negative attitudes typically held by white people about blackness. ‘White supremacy’ is also useful when referring to how black people are able to exercise ‘white supremacist control’ over one another. Hooks views the emphasis of the struggle against ‘white supremacy’ as helping to form coalitions among peoples of color as a catalyst of dismantling white supremacy, where peoples of color join together in support of that common cause. Early coalitions, generally disregarded in the broad view of history, established by enslaved Africans, free Africans, and Native Americans, helped to combat the Eurocentric stereotypes internalized by Native and African Americans. In attempting to include whites in such a coalition, it would be necessary for whites to give up any privileges granted them by the exercising of white supremacy, as well as necessary for the racially oppressed to â€Å"show the way† and â€Å"affirm or help in that endeavor† (Hooks, 1995). Hooks states: There must exist a paradigm, a practical model for social change that includes an understanding of ways to transform consciousness that are linked to efforts to transform structures†¦While it is important that individuals work to transform their consciousness, striving to be antiracist, it is important for us to remember that the struggle to end white supremacy is a struggle to change a system, a structure†¦For our efforts to†¦be truly effective, individual struggl...

Sexual Harassment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sexual Harassment - Assignment Example Ned is misusing this authority and asking Maria to give her sexual favors which is illegal. The case would have been illegal if Ned was not a probation officer. With Ned as a probation officer, the case is both illegal and immoral. In this role, Ned has certain responsibilities towards the society and the justice system but he is misusing the situation. The best course of action would be to confront Ned. It is rumored that Ned has not done this for the first time. While previously Ned’s actions were just rumors, now there is concrete evidence against Ned. To deal with this situation, I would recommend calling Ned personally and mentioning the rumors. He should be made aware that some probationers have made complaints against him and those complaints would be called into accountability. The next step would be to call a meeting with all concerned parties in the institute. The case should be handed over to them so that they evaluate the situation more openly. I would not recommend approaching the regional supervisor personally. Rather a committee should be formed. This committee should take serious and strong action against Ned. It is clear that Ned should be terminated from the job immediately. Such an action is important to set an example on other probation officers. It is only because Maria has complained formally that the issue is getting attention. There would have been other probationers who would be wrongly used and taking serious actions would deter potential sexual harassment issues from arising. Inculcating the importance of developing a moral code of conduct with the probationers. The probation officer should be notified as to what constitutes an illegal or immoral act. The officer should be made aware of the implications of committing such acts; The institute should develop a zero tolerance policy against sexual harassment cases. Such cases should immediately be handled by

The Vikings Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Vikings - Research Paper Example The Vikings abandoned their homes and travelled into Europe and settled there. However, there is no vivid explanation of what made the Scandinavians to leave their homelands permanently to settle abroad. The Vikings left their Scandinavian homelands and expanded across Western Europe and they also traded with locals and raided coastal regions and as a result of their intense contact, many words across Europe have Scandinavian. Initially, the Vikings were exclusively fishermen and farmers and throughout the Viking age, farming and fishing were the key activities practiced during this era. These individuals took advantage of fertile soils and well-stocked fishing grounds to ensure that they produce enough food for consumption. Most of them were farmers and some of the crops they cultivated include barley and oats plus a variety of fruits and vegetables. In addition, they raised livestock including goats, pigs, cattle and sheep and they as well practiced crafting as they had the ability to make use of raw materials to make various tools and equipments they needed. Moreover, they built long and slender ships called longboats which they used for raiding and shorter and broader ships known as knorrs for trading activities and they built a small rowing boat for fishing. In the Vikings society, those in the upper class were referred to as jarls and they were followed by a class of farmers and craftsmen who were called Karls, however, the lower class was occupied by the slaves also called thralls.

Humanitarian intervention Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Humanitarian intervention - Case Study Example These abstract definitions, which are often social constructs, become even more problematic when viewed through the lens of legitimate ethical concerns. Does a foreign power have the right to intervene and restore order when the disruption of food supplies results in the starvation of massive numbers of children' Does a world military power have the moral obligation to inflict democracy on a people that are oppressed economically, politically, and socially and do not have the benefit of free elections and choice' These questions have come before the international bodies such as the United Nations (UN) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in recent years as the Palestinian oppression, the atrocities in Kosovo, and the genocide in Darfur beg for resolution and are met with impasse and impotence on the world stage. Humanitarian relief and armed intervention is an issue too complex to be limited by preset rules and needs to be assessed on a case-by-case basis with morality a nd ethics as the only relevant veto powers available. The problems that are presented by international bodies in pursuing an armed humanitarian intervention are very clearly evident in the conflict that arose in Kosovo in 1998-1999. International law presented several obstacles to any unilateral or multi-lateral actions without the near unanimous consent of the United Nations. Article 2(4) of the UN Charter explicitly prohibits military intervention into the internal affairs of any state, and that prohibition extends regardless of ideology (democratic or dictatorial), morality of the ruling government, or intervention for humanitarian purposes (Henkin, 1999, p.824). According to UN rules, certain ruling members have a veto power and in the case of Kosovo, Russia and China were willing to block any unanimous consensus on military intervention. Due to post Cold War animosities, "geography and politics rendered unanimity by the permanent members in support of military action (especially in the Balkans) highly unlikely" (Henkin, 1999, p.82 5). The United Kingdom, with support of the US, moved forward without the approval of the UN, opting instead to invoke the collective approval of NATO as a legitimate international body that took precedence over the UN based on regional concerns and authority. Legal scholars generally agree that the NATO action in Kosovo was in violation of international law, though it can be justified through ethical and moral reasoning. While there is some debate on the ultimate effectiveness of the campaign and the amount of suffering alleviated, the focus should remain on the intent of the action. There is no doubt that there were political pressures that moved the impetus to provide humanitarian relief. The NATO action in Kosovo was taken to provide humanitarian relief, avert further catastrophe, prevent the destabilization of key parts of Europe, and to maintain the legitimacy of NATO (Wedgwood, 1999, p.829). Taken one at a time these goals may be insufficient, but their collective weight makes the action more acceptable. However, the fact that this was a Caucasian country and a Euro-centric action cannot be overlooked. Would this action have been initiated if the population were a black African nation' According to Coady (2002, p.26), "responses to exterminations need close examination lest they do contain elements of mere prejudice,

Discourse Analysis of the movie Dumb and Dumber Essay

Discourse Analysis of the movie Dumb and Dumber - Essay Example   Although there are two apparent speakers in this dialogue (i.e. Mary and Lloyd), the utterances are all, in fact, constructed by one speaker which is the scriptwriter making it a synthetically constructed conversation. However, the speech act of the conversation is well planned and rehearsed, which has a positive impact on the overall appeal of the dialogue. The original script of the conversation, however, incorporates the various aspects of conversational interactions such as adjacency pairs, turn-taking, topic initiation and development, feedback and conversational openings and closings. To analyze the context of the discourse, Lloyd, a limo driver, is taking Mary to the airport and this is when the conversation takes place. It is one of the most essential ways in which people come together, exchange information and maintain social relations. Therefore, the setting of the discourse is very much natural in the normal contexts of dialogue and social relations. It is important to realize that the movie is categorized under the group of â€Å"humor† films, featuring slapstick comedy and nauseate humor. In fact, the hilarity or amusement of the comedy is expressed linguistically, in the choice of words of the funny man, Jim Carrey, who is playing the role of Lloyd. Throughout this whole exchange of words, Lloyd doesn’t say anything that has no linguistic value, so he is clearly able to produce a grammatically correct sentence. Significantly, the only flaw that occurs in the conversation is that Lloyd is not able to select from all the correct expressions available to him to reflect the â€Å"illocutionary† force that is suitable most to this particular  encounter.  

Michael Jordan Vs Kobe Bryant

Michael Jordan Vs Kobe Bryant Compare and Contrast of Michael Jordan/Kobe Bryant Everyone always argues about whos the best NBA player between Kobe Bryant and Michael Jordan. Both of these superstars are fascinating and exciting players to watch on the basketball court. Taking a closer look at the comparison of Jordan and Bryant requires more than just fans bias and common assumptions. Most longtime fans would agree that Michael Jordan is the superior player. However, some of the younger fans choose Kobe over MJ. They both bring unique athleticism to the NBA, but the real question, who the best player is? Although Bryant has not quite reached the same point in his career that Jordan has, it is still safe to compare the honors and awards each player has earned throughout their playing days. While these achievements are not necessarily everything, it is definitely a significant piece of information. Jordan has six NBA championships to Bryants three. Jordan has been named MVP five times. Bryant has zero MVPs to his name. Jordan has ten scoring title, Bryant has three scoring titles. Jordan has been elected best defensive player of the year, something Bryant has never done. Jordan made a direct impact on the game when he arrived to the league and was the NBAs rookie of the year in 1984. Bryant developed his game after a couple of seasons before making any impact on the league. To conclude, Jordan accomplished more achievements in his career than Kobe . Many Jordan fans argue that Bryant never could win without Shaq, while Bryant fans state that Jordan never won without Pippen. However, most people fail to remember the NBA title won in 1998 by Jordan and the Bulls. This championship was so special because Scottie Pippen, Dennis Rodman, remained injured due to their back throughout the entire playoffs. This caused MJ to put the team on his back and lead the Bulls to another title by himself, something Bryant has yet to do. Also, a key example of Bryants failure to finish off in the NBA Finals was in 2004 when he had four future hall-of-famers in the starting lineup. In attempts to take over, Bryant took multiple unnecessary shots as he got shut down by Tayshaun Prince and the Pistons. The Detroit Pistons dominated the series, winning four games to one. However, no one ever shut down Jordan . To conclude, Jordan could win with or without Pippen. In respect to Bryant, in recent years, he has accomplished feats Jordan never did. There are two most notable feats. The first is the 81-point performance Bryant made in a single game. Jordan s closest game to that only left him with 69 points. The other remarkable achievement occurred this year when Bryant scored at least 50 points in four straight games. Throughout Jordan s illustrious career, he never reached this number. However, Jordan did score at least 50 points in three straight games on multiple occasions. In respect to Jordan , he averaged more points, assists, rebounds, steals and blocks throughout his career than Bryant has in his career. Jordan s playoff numbers exceed Kobe s as well. Nobody has outscored Jordan in the playoffs, considering his average for points per game is higher than every other player in NBA history. Jordan average 33.1 points and Kobe average 28.1 points. Also, Jordan holds the record for the highest points per game average in a single playoff series as well as for the NBA Finals, which was 63 points. In conclusion, with all the statistics, awards, and championships, Jordan seems like the easy pick over Bryant as the superior basketball player. His skill set, selfless attitude, and basketball smarts outclass Bryants. Jordan is considered by many the greatest basketball player ever. If Bryant wants to be seen in the same light, he has a long, rough basketball road ahead of him.

US Involvement in Nicaragua :: essays research papers fc

US Involvement in Nicaragua Some might say that Nicaragua has been merely a pawn in the US battle against Soviet-Cuban Communist control in Latin America. Relationships between the US and Nicaragua go back to the Gold Rush and Cornelius Vanderbilt’s attempts to expedite the travel between the two coasts of the US. Vanderbilt bought the rights to shuttle fortune-seekers across Nicaragua to avoid their having to cross the width of the United States or travel around Cape Horn. Eventually, controversy among the Nicaraguan people led to a civil war in 1853. The US was further drawn into the conflict when the left-wing army hired an American, William Walker, to fight for them. Walker and his mercenaries quickly conquered Grenada, the stronghold of the Conservative parties and found themselves in charge of the army. Walker, however, had his eyes on the presidency, which he eventually took. Walker was not the end of US intervention in Nicaragua. The government had aligning aspirations with Cornelius Vanderbilt a nd decided to build their canal through Nicaragua, which was less disease ravaged than the other contender, Panama. However, due to previous treaty agreements, the US would have to share control of any canal built through Nicaragua with Great Britain, and so the plan was abandoned. Instead, the US built an exclusively controlled canal through Panama. From 1893 – 1909, a general by the name of Zelaya had exclusive control of the Nicaraguan government. However, in 1909, with US support, this government was overthrown and a pro-US government was established. Throughout the early 1900’s, US Marines helped quell minor rebellions throughout Nicaragua and occupy much of the country. Finally, in 1933, the marines leave under the premise of peace with the guerilla leader Gen. Sandino. A man named Anastasio Somoza is put in charge of the National Guard, and therefore controls the country with an iron fist. Until 1979, the Somoza family serves as the totalitarian government in Ni caragua, fixing the elections so power remains in the family. Throughout this 40 year period, several minor insurrections are staged by the newly founded Sandinista National Liberation Front. These are easily put down by the military regime, until 1979. Throughout this period of relative peace in Nicaragua, many dominos are being set up around them throughout Central America. In 1959, Castro controls Cuba and the US begins to worry about the communist influence in Latin America.

Paths of Glory

Based on the novel by Humphrey Cobb, Stanley Kubrick directed the movie Paths of Glory in 1957. Kirk Douglas plays the role of Colonel Dax, a commander of the French army in World War I. Held in their trenches against the threat of German cannons, the regiment is ordered on a suicidal mission to capture the Germans. When the mission fails, French generals order three soldiers to be tried and executed on the charge of cowardice. Dax is selected defense attorney for the chosen soldiers. Kubrick explores the political planning and selfish personal ambitions that result in battlefield slaughter and irrational executions.The movie is constant in its disapproval of war and the pleasure-seeking of military leaders who arrange the deaths of thousands from the comfort of their headquarters. In the beginning of the movie, General Mireau verbally ordered artillery fire on his own men because they had not left the trenches to attack the enemy. This order was denied because it was not written and signed by the general himself. Verbal orders cannot be given out for it could be false. With a signed order, proof is seen from the signature.General Mireau refused to sign the order and instead became very upset. His outrage brought him to the decision to kill three soldiers. A meeting was held between General Broulard, General Mireau and Colonel Dax. General Broulard wanted to execute one-hundred of his own men for cowardice. Of course Colonel Dax disagreed. Therefore, General Broulard brought the number down to a dozen. The result was to choose one man from each regiment and then execute them. There were three regiments so there would be three men randomly picked by their lieutenant.Colonel Dax then requested that he be chosen as their defense attorney. He also had the responsibility of choosing someone who would be in charge of executing these men if they plead guilty in their trial. I would say that their trial was taken place in a Kangaroo court. Kangaroo court is defined as a self-appointed tribunal that disregards or parodies existing principles of law or human rights. All three men chosen for the execution walked in the court ready to be tried with Colonel Dax as their defense attorney.The judge, along with everyone else involved, seemed to already have a decision without knowing the character of each man, evidence and what their attorney had to say. The first man who spoke before the court was a guy who admitted he made it out of the trenches and into â€Å"no man’s land†. According to him, everyone around him was left dead except for one guy who was still left standing. They both headed back to the trenches so they could stay alive. He mentioned that he probably should have moved forward but instead he retreated.The second man who spoke before the court admitted that he advanced from the trenches until he was ordered back. All the court cared about was how far he got out of the trench. They didn’t care that he was ordered to re treat. When Colonel Dax mentioned the two medals the second man received over time, they were not interested. Finally, the third man was being tried. When he was climbing out of the trench, he was knocked out â€Å"stone cold† because of a corpse that fell on him. The court showed no mercy on any of these men. They were all plead guilty and sentenced to death.How can a man be a coward if he remained alive while everyone else lay dead? Why would he or any man for that matter continue going forward alone instead of retreating back to save their own life? How is a man a coward if he is doing nothing but obeying orders? What would make a court plead someone guilty of cowardice when that person has a medal in bravery? Why would a court execute a man who never had the chance to leave the trench because he was knocked unconscious by a dead body? All of these questions had to be going through Colonel Dax’s head.General Mireau asked Colonel Dax the question, â€Å"Are you prot esting the authenticity of this court? † He replied with the answer, â€Å"Yes sir. I protest against being prevented from introducing evidence which I considered vital to the defense; the prosecution presented no witnesses; there has never been a written indictment of charges made against the defendants, and lastly, I protest against the fact that no stenographic records of this trial have been kept. The attack yesterday morning was no stain of the honor of France, and certainly no disgrace to the fighting men of this nation.But this Court Martial is such a stain, and such a disgrace. The case made against these men is a mockery of all human justice. Gentlemen of the court, to find these men guilty would be a crime, to haunt each of you till the day you die. I can’t believe that the noblest impulse for man – his compassion for another – can be completely dead here. Therefore, I humbly beg you†¦ show mercy to these men. † Later on during the mo vie, Colonel Dax summons Lieutenant Roget to his quarters and orders the officer the assignment of supervising the firing squad – a job which requires putting a bullet in each prisoners head. You’ve got the job. It’s all yours,† Colonel Dax says. Lieutenant Roget tries to back out and convince Dax he is unfit for the job since he has never done such a task. Dax feels that if Roget had the audacity to pick a soldier of being dead based on the charge of cowardice, he can uphold the responsibility of ending their life. In this scene, Colonel Dax made it a point that Lieutenant Roget made a personal decision with his own reasons instead of picking from random because he was ordered to. Why did Lieutenant Roget choose Cpl. Paris to be executed?Before the assault, Dax ordered three officers (Lieutenant Roget, Corporal Paris and Private Lejeune) to go on a reconnaissance patrol into the darkness of no-man’s-land. The lieutenant â€Å"forfeited† hims elf, leaving the other two soldiers by themselves just because he was scared. Unfortunately, Private Lejeune did not make it out alive. When Corporate Paris returns back to French lines, he enters Lieutenant’s bunker to talk with him. Roget, shocked to see Paris, says, â€Å"I thought you’d been killed. † â€Å"You didn’t wait around to find out, did you Lieutenant?I mean you ran like a rabbit after you killed Lejeune,† Corporal Paris snaps back. Lieutenant Roget did not appreciate the tone and accusations being pointed at him whatsoever. He clearly lets Paris know that he is an officer and he should never be spoken to like that. Paris continues by saying, â€Å"Oh, well, I must be mistaken then, sir. An officer wouldn’t do that. A man wouldn’t do it. Only a thing would – a sneaky, booze-guzzling, yellow-bellied rat with a bottle for a brain and a streak of spit where his spine ought to be. You’ve got yourself into a me ss, Lieutenant. Roget cynically expresses his superiority and counter-reprimands him for insubordination, threatening a superior officer, and refusing to obey an order and inciting others to do the same. Paris threatens to bring charges and accuses his superior officer of drunkenness on duty, wanton murder of one of his own men, and cowardice in the face of the enemy. That is why bringing Corporal Paris to execution was personal for Lieutenant Roget. With proof that will hopefully save the three soldiers lives from execution, Dax ask to see General Broulard to report the new information he has just learned.With disregard to the information, Broulard replies, â€Å"Maybe the attack against the Ant Hill was impossible. Perhaps it was an error of judgment on our part. On the other hand, if your men had been a little more daring, you might have taken it. Who knows? Why should we have to bear more criticism and failure than we have to? These executions will be a perfect tonic for the en tire division. There are few things more fundamentally encouraging and stimulating than seeing someone else die. You see, Colonel, troops are like children. Just as a child wants his father to be firm, troops crave discipline.And one way to maintain discipline is to shoot a man now and then. † Dax had sworn statements by the men who witnessed General Mireau ordering artillery fire on his own men during the attack. He implies that the execution would not proceed if all the court knew Mireau’s actions to fire on his own men. General Broulard is not justified in holding his position with respect because he had the choice to stop the execution but chose not to. He believes that killing three innocent men shows an example in maintaining discipline. He chose not to stop this for he did not want to look bad upon.I believe that if he would have stopped the execution like Colonel Dax wanted him too; it would not look bad on Broulard. Full responsibility would have been over Gene ral Mireau for poor judgment and the lack of morals. General Mireau made this decision based on his ego and authority. Stanley Kubrick brings in the theme class distinction by making it clear that everyone is afraid. If ranked higher in power, fear can be overlooked in the form of authority. Lower classes were shown to be located in trenches while those better off became Generals and Colonels.To those in power, other soldiers were chess pieces to their decisions. That is where Kubrick uses the theme nationalism. The cliche â€Å"means to an end† is a good example of what General Broulard believed. He believed that if three men getting executed were what it took for the rest of the regiments to follow orders, then that is what it took to be successful in the war. He made decisions on what he believed was best even if it was morally wrong. The execution gave him and General Mireau a superior patriotic feeling, and that is where Colonel Dax conflicted with both Generals.

Museum Of Modern Art George Seurat

Art AS communication 3 December 2013 Museum Paper On November 9th, 2013, St. Josephs College hosted a field trip into New York City. The purpose of this field trip was to transport us into the city, and have the students visit a major art museum. There were a few different choices, the students had, but most went straight to the Metropolitan Museum of Art because the admission to the museum was whatever you want to contribute. However, we took a different approach.My friend and I went straight to The Museum of Modern Art, also known as the MOMA. I looked briefly the night before at each museum to get a feel for what I wanted to see, and what I did not. Once I saw this artist was at the MOMA, that's when I knew I wanted to actually see it in person. The artist that I very much wanted to see was George Seurat. Prior to this class, I have never heard of this artist. I never knew who he was, or knew the style in which he painted. It was only a few classes before the trip that I truly lea rned to appreciate this artist.I have never seen an artist who has the patience and delicacy to place these dots on a canvas, sometimes smaller than a crumb, to create a work of art. George Seurat was a French Post-Impressionist painter who drew in a style called pointillism. Pointillism is â€Å"the theory or practice in art of applying small strokes or dots of color to a surface so that from a distance they blend together. † (Merriam- webster. com) This style of painting is consistent with his other works through this time period. The piece of art I chose for my paper is the â€Å"Port-en-Bessin, Entrance to he Harbor† by Seurat.This painting was made in France in 1888 and is roughly 21. 65 inches by 25. 59 inches. The painting is oil on canvas and describes a harbor in France. When I first saw this painting I didn't realize it was a piece by Seurat. It looked as if it was work done in a different style than pointillism. I chose this one because, in my opinion, this style of painting deserves the most respect out of any of the artist. In this painting you can see how each little dot is done in order to create one large image. The first thing I noticed in this painting was the defining line between the shore and the water.Seurat uses different shades of green and a very pale color to illustrate the effect of grass and sand. For some reason that part of the painting kept me looking for a little bit and following the shore line up the painting. Next my eyes brought me to the water and the floating dock towards the middle ground slightly to the left of the painting. Here you can see he used two complementary colors to really attract your eyes to that point. The almost wood color f the dock and the light blue water really reinforce each other and keep you looking there for a brief second.The water had me confused at first. You can see within the harbor itself, there are three larger dark blue circles. I thought they were deeper parts of the water an d Seurat was trying to create depth here, but I soon ruled that out. I later realized with the weather that is portrayed here, that those are clouds exiting the harbor and that there was a lot going on here. I believe this is where Seurat wanted his focal point to be. The very center of the painting shows the sharp angles of the sails against the dark shadow of the cloud meeting the water.It is not just the contrast that brings your eyes here, but it is the way the boats are positioned. As with the shore line mentioned earlier, the boats are creating this line in which your eyes Just follow. Seurat uses directional force here starting with the boat on the right and creating this sense of movement towards the boat to the left, leading out into the ocean. He uses the shapes of the sails, and the direction they re advancing, to lead your eyes out, to the background, into the ocean where the rest of the boats are.Actually going into the city to see the original work in person was import ant to me because you can only appreciate this style of art once you are in front of it. Looking up this picture online doesn't do it Justice because the colors are off and it looks strikingly different from the original. Also an important thing to note is you can really see the small and medium dots he used in this painting. When you zoom in online, the resolution is off and it gets blurry before you can see detail.Not to discredit any other artist, but I think this style of painting requires much more time and dedication to create the final image. Overall, I have enjoyed this trip, and the class for that matter, because it showed me there is more to art when you can break it down using the elements and principles and see what the painting is really about. Works Cited â€Å"Pointillism – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. † Dictionary and Thesaurus – Merriam-Webster Online. N. p. , 7 Aug. 2012. Web. 29 NOV. 2013. .

Free Essays on Motivation For Achieving Success

The Role of Motivation for achieving success for university students The role of motivation for achievement is very important for all students and especially for the students of higher educational institutions like universities and collages. In universities many students have problems with low academic motivation or even an absence of it, which leads to a passive attitude towards studying. In universities and collages students are more independent in forming their attitudes concerning studying, which will affect their further life, rather than in high schools. That is why it is extremely important for university students to be self-motivated in order to be successful. By motivation for achievement we consider a person’s aspiration to accomplish his work well, qualitatively, and to improve the results of the work. People with high level of motivation usually realistically evaluate their abilities in setting their goals, strive to overcome difficulties, and achieve success. Heckhausen thought that motivation for achievement could be determined as an attempt to increase a person’s abilities to do something or to keep them as high as possible. According to him, motivation has two main characteristics: a desire to achieve success or to avoid a failure. A desire to achieve success expresses a person’s confidence that he will accomplish his task, but the avoidance of a failure shows the fear to fail or not to fulfill the expectations. People oriented on failure are those people who are not self-confident and who always underestimate their abilities. People oriented on success believe that they can handle the requirements and tasks they are expected to do, have self-confidence and do not show constraint. With the feeling of optimism, they are inclined on success, are aware of their abilities, and mostly achieve their goals. (2001) According to Roediger L. Henry et al., the students who have a desire to achieve success are those wit... Free Essays on Motivation For Achieving Success Free Essays on Motivation For Achieving Success The Role of Motivation for achieving success for university students The role of motivation for achievement is very important for all students and especially for the students of higher educational institutions like universities and collages. In universities many students have problems with low academic motivation or even an absence of it, which leads to a passive attitude towards studying. In universities and collages students are more independent in forming their attitudes concerning studying, which will affect their further life, rather than in high schools. That is why it is extremely important for university students to be self-motivated in order to be successful. By motivation for achievement we consider a person’s aspiration to accomplish his work well, qualitatively, and to improve the results of the work. People with high level of motivation usually realistically evaluate their abilities in setting their goals, strive to overcome difficulties, and achieve success. Heckhausen thought that motivation for achievement could be determined as an attempt to increase a person’s abilities to do something or to keep them as high as possible. According to him, motivation has two main characteristics: a desire to achieve success or to avoid a failure. A desire to achieve success expresses a person’s confidence that he will accomplish his task, but the avoidance of a failure shows the fear to fail or not to fulfill the expectations. People oriented on failure are those people who are not self-confident and who always underestimate their abilities. People oriented on success believe that they can handle the requirements and tasks they are expected to do, have self-confidence and do not show constraint. With the feeling of optimism, they are inclined on success, are aware of their abilities, and mostly achieve their goals. (2001) According to Roediger L. Henry et al., the students who have a desire to achieve success are those wit...